Search results for "Water relation"

GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF POSIDONIA OCEANICA EXPOSED TO A HYPERSALINE ENVIRONMENT

Water status and gas exchange of pistachio trees under different irrigation levels

2017

The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological responses of pistachio trees to varying water supply in the attempt to identify reliable parameters to manage irrigation. Three different irrigation regimes were applied to 25-year-old pistachio trees of cultivar 'Bianca' on P. terebinthus rootstock. Midday stem water potential (ΨSWP), leaf relative water content (RWC), light-saturated net CO2assimilation (An), stomatal conductance (gs), and ambient conditions were monitored throughout the season, and light response curves of net photosynthesis were constructed. To reflect tree water status, trees were separated into three classes of ΨSWP, no deficit (ΨSWP> -1.5 MPa), mild defici…

Rootstock Effect on Stem Water Potential Gradients in cv. 'Armking' Nectarine Trees

2004

The effects of rootstock vigour on scion xylem hydraulic conductivity were studied on potted trees of cv. ‘Armking’ nectarine grafted onto GF677 (vigorous) and MrS 2/5 (low-vigour) rootstocks. Water potential gradients of non-transpiring leaves were measured at three levels of the stem starting at 10 cm above the graft-point. Transpiration rates were estimated by weighing. Two sets of measurements were taken on the same trees, at two different transpiration-rate levels obtained by imposing a different level of evaporative demand. Measurements were taken after allowing transpiration to reach a steady-state (20 minutes after any environmental perturbation). Trees grafted onto the low-vigour r…

CHARACTERIZATION OF WATER RELATION TRAITS IN WILD SICILIAN POPULATIONS OF BRASSICA

2015

The aims of this work are to Investigate the variability in water relation traits among wild Brassica relatives adapted to arid and saline environments and to Identify specific differences in physiological traits that may be used to improve cultivated relatives widely used in our diet, such as broccoli, cabbage and kale.

Responses of apple to partial root-zone drying. A review.

2013

Partial root-zone drying (PRD) is a relatively recent strategy aiming at substantial reduction of irrigation volume. It consists of the alternate irrigation of one portion of the root-zone with volumes reduced to about 40-50% of conventional water. PRD is based on the ability of roots in drying soil to produce hormonal signals, like abscissic acid (ABA), responsible for partial stomatal closure. In turn, partial stomatal closure would improve water use efficiency and increase fruit yield per unit of irrigation water. This technique has been tested on a number of fruit crops, including apple. In addition to climatic conditions, which mainly affect atmospheric water demand, soil properties an…

Ecophysiological Modeling of Grapevine Water Stress in Burgundy Terroirs by a Machine-Learning Approach

2016

13 pages; International audience; In a climate change scenario, successful modeling of the relationships between plant-soil-meteorology is crucial for a sustainable agricultural production, especially for perennial crops. Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv Chardonnay) located in eight experimental plots (Burgundy, France) along a hillslope were monitored weekly for 3 years for leaf water potentials, both at predawn (Ψpd) and at midday (Ψstem). The water stress experienced by grapevine was modeled as a function of meteorological data (minimum and maximum temperature, rainfall) and soil characteristics (soil texture, gravel content, slope) by a gradient boosting machine. Model performance was a…

Relevance of Interactions between Starch-based Coatings and Plum Fruit Surfaces: A Physical-Chemical Analysis

2019

In order to extend the shelf life of the fruit, improve appearance, and to keep all nutrition properties of the plum from diminishing, edible coatings comprised of wheat starch and wheat starch&ndash

Transpiration/Evaporation Ratio in Prunus Fremontii and Marianna 2624 over a 4-Day Period of Drought

2017

Drought stress represents one of the major environmental limitations to crop production in a large portion of the Earth’s surface. Natural genetic resources are one of the most powerful weapons against environmental stress. In such contest, the behavior in terms of water loss of two species, P. fremontii (slower-growing) and Marianna 2624 (faster-growing), native to arid and humid regions respectively, was tested. Transpiration (T) and evapotranspiration (ET) rates and soil water content (SWC) were measured in the two species under controlled conditions. Evaporation rate from the soil surface was obtained by difference, and an average transpiration/evaporation ratio (T/E) was calculated to …

Detecting Mild Water Stress in Olive with Multiple Plant-Based Continuous Sensors.

2021

A comprehensive characterization of water stress is needed for the development of automated irrigation protocols aiming to increase olive orchard environmental and economical sustainability. The main aim of this study is to determine whether a combination of continuous leaf turgor, fruit growth, and sap flow responses improves the detection of mild water stress in two olive cultivars characterized by different responses to water stress. The sensitivity of the tested indicators to mild stress depended on the main mechanisms that each cultivar uses to cope with water deficit. One cultivar showed pronounced day to day changes in leaf turgor and fruit relative growth rate in response to water w…

Impairment of leaf hydraulics in young plants of Citrus aurantium (sour orange) infected by Phoma tracheiphila.

2007

Phoma trachephila (Petri) Kantschaveli et Gikachvili causes dieback of several Citrus species. The impact of this fungus on leaf hydraulics was studied in Citrus aurantium L. (sour orange) with the aim of identifying the primary mechanism of damage to leaves. Leaves inoculated with a conidial suspension were measured for conductance to water vapor (gL) and specific hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) every 3 days after inoculation. The earliest symptom of infection consisted of vein chlorosis. Functional vein density (FVD) was monitored and microscopic observations were made of major vein conduits. Impairment of vein hydraulics started 25 days after inoculation with a losses of Kleaf of 40% and g…